TYPE, TYPOGRAPHY AND PRINTING

Type, typography and printing

-      Didn’t have strict division in job roles

-      Identifying in needs àputting skills and techniques together to resolve that need

-      About craft and craftsmanship

-      How people use craft in making physical metal type form

-       Type styles reflects political and religious issues

-       Take paper production for granted

-      Papers developed and refined

-      1960s photographic production

-      Letterpress movable type

Type= part of printing and reproduction process

Craft, communicate, distribute ideas

Styles and evolution of type

1^stmovable type:

Bastarda by Johannes Gutenberg (style: blackletteràmimicking scribble handwritings)

àreflecting handwritten calligraphy

àrough

Printing press in communication and distributing ideas was profound

Jenson by Nicoloas Jenson (Style: roman/ serif)

àstyle reflects on roman architecture

-      refine them to make it function better on the page, easier to make

-       maintain consistency

àchanges how people engage in written languages

àprinted words start to influence language and writing

Griffo Italic

Italic for emphasis

Created to be use exclusively

Taking less place in writing cursive

Fraktur (blackletter)

àChristianity

àused by the Nazis

Garamond Roman (roman/serif)

àmore refined

àmore precise version using more developed techniques of founding typefaces

àpacked

Baskerville (transitional/ serif)

àtransitional typefaces: post medieval Europe to modern Europe (pre-industrial revolution)

àused in publication about rational truth to be found within nature

àdelicate, elegant precise

Bodoni (“modern”/ serif)

àpre- industrial revolution

Figgins’ Antique (slab serif/ display type)

àpublic awareness notices, posters

àelegant serif form, expanded

Thorowgood’s grptesque (Sans serif(gothic)(/ display)

àexperimented with removing the serifs of typefaces

àinadequate, clumsy, weren’t readable

Clarendon (slab serif/ display typeface)

àelegant serifs and curves

àMore decorative and appealing

àmost successful grostesque typeface

Franklin Gothic (sans-serif/ grostesque)

àdesigned to be used in newspapers, magazines, advertising

àowing to functionality, clarity (modernity)

Avant Garde (Sans-serif/ geometric)

àto compliment the photosetting technologies

àgeometric typeface

àjoined up characters

Verdana (sans-serif/ digital)

àlate 1980s computers were developed

àquicker and more efficient

àwork specifically for computer screens

àboring typeface with no character

Task

bring 2-3 images that relates to the things that you've been reading in relations to the topics