1ST ESSAY PLANNING

TYPE, TYPOGRAPHY AND PRINTING

Type, typography and printing

-      Didn’t have strict division in job roles

-      Identifying in needs àputting skills and techniques together to resolve that need

-      About craft and craftsmanship

-      How people use craft in making physical metal type form

-       Type styles reflects political and religious issues

-       Take paper production for granted

-      Papers developed and refined

-      1960s photographic production

-      Letterpress movable type

Type= part of printing and reproduction process

Craft, communicate, distribute ideas

Styles and evolution of type

1^stmovable type:

Bastarda by Johannes Gutenberg (style: blackletteràmimicking scribble handwritings)

àreflecting handwritten calligraphy

àrough

Printing press in communication and distributing ideas was profound

Jenson by Nicoloas Jenson (Style: roman/ serif)

àstyle reflects on roman architecture

-      refine them to make it function better on the page, easier to make

-       maintain consistency

àchanges how people engage in written languages

àprinted words start to influence language and writing

Griffo Italic

Italic for emphasis

Created to be use exclusively

Taking less place in writing cursive

Fraktur (blackletter)

àChristianity

àused by the Nazis

Garamond Roman (roman/serif)

àmore refined

àmore precise version using more developed techniques of founding typefaces

àpacked

Baskerville (transitional/ serif)

àtransitional typefaces: post medieval Europe to modern Europe (pre-industrial revolution)

àused in publication about rational truth to be found within nature

àdelicate, elegant precise

Bodoni (“modern”/ serif)

àpre- industrial revolution

Figgins’ Antique (slab serif/ display type)

àpublic awareness notices, posters

àelegant serif form, expanded

Thorowgood’s grptesque (Sans serif(gothic)(/ display)

àexperimented with removing the serifs of typefaces

àinadequate, clumsy, weren’t readable

Clarendon (slab serif/ display typeface)

àelegant serifs and curves

àMore decorative and appealing

àmost successful grostesque typeface

Franklin Gothic (sans-serif/ grostesque)

àdesigned to be used in newspapers, magazines, advertising

àowing to functionality, clarity (modernity)

Avant Garde (Sans-serif/ geometric)

àto compliment the photosetting technologies

àgeometric typeface

àjoined up characters

Verdana (sans-serif/ digital)

àlate 1980s computers were developed

àquicker and more efficient

àwork specifically for computer screens

àboring typeface with no character

Task

bring 2-3 images that relates to the things that you've been reading in relations to the topics

STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

TYPOGRAPHY

Chronological

Introduction (this essay will discuss this, using these sources and presenting these conclusions) àsimple

key development (printing, history)

key development (modernity, changes)

key development (the internet, computer, technologies) 

summary/ conclusion

Introduction

Key theme (historically structure) 

ADVERTISING(gender in historical timeline in relation to adv) 

BRANDING(effects of WWII changed consumers lifestyles) 

Key theme (historically structure)

Summary/ conclusion

Key developments/ themes 

+ 

Contexts

= political, social, cultural, technological

WRITING AND CITING

Printed materials are presenting images and text along with different typography, layouts, grids and composition and specific arrangements that convey the desired message in a specific way to enhance and achieve the intended message for the readers in an effective and efficient manner. (Jamie 2013) Editorial design plays a key role in the way information is presented, shared and understood — and, in performing this last function, this discipline can bring transcendental change to society. (Laura Busche) As seen, publications and editorial designs are so important that graphic designers should actually have a wider knowledge of the most influential events of them. 

SUSTAINABILITY + STARTING RESEARCH

Economic, environment, social à sustainable development

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Development which seek to sustain the resources that the planet is providing for us

SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

Sustaining positive social relations and social engagement in a society or community or even globally

Sustainable products

ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY 

Economy in a broader sense (national, global)

Challenging to sustain 

Sustain economic well being 

CULTURE

Part of social sustainability

Inform society, social relations 

*How the things we produce encourage sustainable development 

WASTE

Energy consumption 

Waste management

Filtered and recycled

Incinerators in Leeds 

As designers: 

àmake contributions to sustainability 

àobvious voice in society in terms of communicating with people 

How much ink u use for the typeface?

Climate change

Social awareness

STARTING RESEARCH

EDITORIAL AND PUBLICATIONS

1^stessay 

General definition 

Key development= choose important history to talk about

What are you looking for?

Establish questions and sub themes

*a definition for your topic*

*key developments in…* 

Consider search terms

Editorial design àa term that we know

àthink about translating these into term that we use in search engines…

Publishing, print, web media, news platforms, magazines

**SEARCH TERMS**

“xxx”, “history of xxx”, “what is xxx”

Consider resources 

GOOGLE

Evaluating reliability of what you are looking at online 

References to other sources

Who produces information on online

Uni websites (.ac.uk) àreliable 

.edu (US unis)

News platforms

àCreatorview

àimagazine

With the author nameàreliable

Wikipedia ànot really reliable 

àgeneral start of information only

Portal àlibrary àsearch

Text books, history of…, how to…, what is…

“readers”, complex monographs, very specific monographs

JSTOR

GOOGLE BOOKS

GOOGLE SCHOLAR

HARVARD REFERENCING

This person said xxx, however who said xxx, who debated xxx

Keeping a log of resources/ references 

tables

Mind maps

1.   Establish research aims (definition)(key dev)

2.    Find sources

3.    Browse, scan, skim, search (index)

4.    Read! (look up words!)

5.    Write bullet-point short summaries (what the author said in defining, in highlighting the key development…) 

6.    Avoid just collecting quotes. They will not tell the whole story out of context

7.    Arrange your findings on a table, chart, mind-map

Offer a broad definition and key developments of your topic.

Ensuring that you also answer the most important question: “says who?”

Assumption

à use various sources to prove your assumption

research aims:

significant changes in the publishing history

find sources:
https://www.joshtong.io/blog/2014/10/21/what-is-editorial-design-and-why-is-it-so-important-to-digital-publishing

http://www.designishistory.com/design/editorial-design/

http://guity-novin.blogspot.com/2012/04/modern-newspaper-magazine-layouts.html

https://www.propublica.org/podcast/the-evolution-of-editorial-design-and-visual-storytelling

https://anm102pm.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/anm102-session04-graphic-design-and-the-industrial-revolution1.pdf

http://history.kimnanhee.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/GD_History_Chapter9_Class.pdf

https://pschmill.wordpress.com/2012/09/24/industrial-revolution-and-the-printing-press/

avoid collecting quotes without your own interpretation/input.